A brief summary of the principles of Ghuslis as
follows:
First,A Muslim should make his/her intention for
purification, then wash the private parts. Then make
Wudhoo' (ablution) like the Wudhoo' done for
prayer, then pour water on his right side, then the
left side. Then water should be poured on his
head,covering the entire body with water. It is also
reported in the Sunnah (narrations of the Prophet
Muhammad ) that washing the feet should be
delayed until the end of the Ghusl.
It is reported on the authority of Aa'ishah who said
that the messenger of Allah when performing Ghusl
from Janaabah (ritual impurity), used to wash his
hands, then wash his private parts with his left
hand. After that he performed Wudhoo' like that for
prayer. Next, he took some water and ran his
fingers in the roots of his hair until he used three
handfuls of water on his head. He would then go on
pouring water on the rest of his body and wash his
legs. [Muslim]
1. The person taking a bath should first of all wash
both hands up to the wrists, and then wash the
private parts. The hands and private parts should
be washed irrespective of whether there is any
impurity on them or not. Both these have to be
washed under all conditions. Thereafter, any
impurity found on the rest of the body should be
washed. Then make Wudhoo'. If one is sitting on a
stool or stone while bathing, then the feet should
also be washed when making Wudhoo'. But if one is
sitting in a place where the water accumulates and
he will have to wash the feet again after completing
the Ghusl, then the entire Wudhoo' should be made
but the feet should not be washed.
After performing Wudhoo', pour water on the head
three times. Thereafter pour water over the right
and left shoulders three times each in such a way
that water reaches the entire body. Thereafter move
from this place and go to a clean spot and wash the
feet. If the feet were washed when making Wudhoo'
there will be no need to wash them again.
2. Whilst pouring water over the body the first time,
rub the body well so that water reaches everywhere
properly and no place remains dry.
3. The above method of Ghusl is according to the
Sunnah. Some of the items explained above are
Fardh (obligatory) without which Ghusl will not be
complete and the person will remain impure. Some
other items are Sunnah (recommended but not
obligatory). Observing them entails reward, and by
not carrying them out, Ghusl will still be complete.
The Fardh acts are only three:
(a) To gargle the mouth in such a way that water
reaches everywhere.
(b) To wash the nose up to the soft bone.
(c) To pour water over the entire body.
4. While bathing, one should not face the Qiblah
(direction of the Ka'bah). Too much water should
not be used, nor should so little be used that one is
unable to wash thoroughly. The bath should be
taken at such a place that no one can see the
bather. One should not talk while bathing; he should
cover himself up first and then wash the feet.
5. If the bathing place is secluded where no one
can see, then it is permissible to bathe naked,
irrespective of whether one is standing or sitting
and irrespective of whether the roof is covered or
not. However, it is better to sit and bathe because
there is more modesty in this. To expose the body
from the navel to the knees before anyone is a sin.
Many women bath completely naked in the
presence of other women. This is a very evil and
shameful act.
6. Even if an area equal to a hair's breadth is left
dry, Ghusl will not be complete. In the same way, if
one forgets to gargle the mouth or wash the nose,
Ghusl will not be complete.
7. If a woman pours water on her head three times,
that will be sufficient and she does not need to undo
the braids. This is based on the Hadeeth (narration)
of Umm Salamah . It is narrated that she asked the
Prophet : "I am a woman with braided hair; should I
undo it when doing Ghusl for Janaabah?" He
answered: “No, rather it will be sufficient for you to
pour three handfuls of water on your head, then
pour water over yourself and you will be
purified.” [Muslim].Unless the Ghusl is after the
menses, then she has to undo the braids and wash
her hair thoroughly.
source: islam web
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